Micro-CT analysis of tooth development of C57BL/6 mice strain / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the normal process of tooth development of C57BL/6 mouse strain by using micro-CT for better understanding about the tooth development of the human being and other species. Methods: A total of 54 C57BL/6 mice were used at postnatal day 1 (P1), P3, P7, P10, P14, P21, P28, P42 and P56 (n=6 for each age group). After euthanasia, the skulls and alveolar bones (with molars) were isolated and scanned by micro-CT scanner. After three dimensional reconstruction, the developmental status of the crown and root(s) for each tooth type was examined in different views. Results: The tooth development of mice from birth to mature (P56) could be divided into three stages. The first stage was from P1 to P14, in which the crowns of all the first, second and third molars had formed, while the roots had not fully developed yet. The second stage was from ablactation (P21) to P28, in which all the roots of the molars had reached their normal length, and the apical foramens had closed. Due to the mastication and occlusal abrasion, the incisors exhibited sharp cutting edges at the buccal enamel layer, and the corresponding molars formed a pit-to-fossa articulated relationship. The third stage was from P42 to P56, in which the root canal differentiation occurred, and 1-2 canal configuration was formed in several flat roots. The development of molar roots had completed and the apexes were enlarged due to the deposition of cementum around. Conclusions: In the process of mouse tooth development, the mineralization of the cusps, followed by crown formation and roots elongation, was precisely regulated in a spatial-temporal pattern. The incisors and the molars exhibited different modes of development.

Correlation Analysis of Molecularly-Defined Cortical Interneuron Populations with Morpho-Electric Properties in Layer V of Mouse Neocortex / 神经科学通报·英文版

Cortical interneurons can be categorized into distinct populations based on multiple modalities, including molecular signatures and morpho-electrical (M/E) properties. Recently, many transcriptomic signatures based on single-cell RNA-seq have been identified in cortical interneurons. However, whether different interneuron populations defined by transcriptomic signature expressions correspond to distinct M/E subtypes is still unknown. Here, we applied the Patch-PCR approach to simultaneously obtain the M/E properties and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of >600 interneurons in layer V of the mouse somatosensory cortex (S1). Subsequently, we identified 11 M/E subtypes, 9 neurochemical cell populations (NCs), and 20 transcriptomic cell populations (TCs) in this cortical lamina. Further analysis revealed that cells in many NCs and TCs comprised several M/E types and were difficult to clearly distinguish morpho-electrically. A similar analysis of layer V interneurons of mouse primary visual cortex (V1) and motor cortex (M1) gave results largely comparable to S1. Comparison between S1, V1, and M1 suggested that, compared to V1, S1 interneurons were morpho-electrically more similar to M1. Our study reveals the presence of substantial M/E variations in cortical interneuron populations defined by molecular expression.

Graded and pan-neural disease phenotypes of Rett Syndrome linked with dosage of functional MeCP2

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder, mainly caused by mutations in MeCP2 and currently with no cure. We report here that neurons from R106W MeCP2 RTT human iPSCs as well as human embryonic stem cells after MeCP2 knockdown exhibit consistent and long-lasting impairment in maturation as indicated by impaired action potentials and passive membrane properties as well as reduced soma size and spine density. Moreover, RTT-inherent defects in neuronal maturation could be pan-neuronal and occurred in neurons with both dorsal and ventral forebrain features. Knockdown of MeCP2 led to more severe neuronal deficits as compared to RTT iPSC-derived neurons, which appeared to retain partial function. Strikingly, consistent deficits in nuclear size, dendritic complexity and circuitry-dependent spontaneous postsynaptic currents could only be observed in MeCP2 knockdown neurons but not RTT iPSC-derived neurons. Both neuron-intrinsic and circuitry-dependent deficits of MeCP2-deficient neurons could be fully or partially rescued by re-expression of wild type or T158M MeCP2, strengthening the dosage dependency of MeCP2 on disease phenotypes and also the partial function of the mutant. Our findings thus reveal stable neuronal maturation deficits and unexpectedly, graded sensitivities of neuron-inherent and neural transmission phenotypes towards the extent of MeCP2 deficiency, which is informative for future therapeutic development.

Study on GLI values of Polygonatum odoratum base on multi-temporal of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing / 中国中药杂志

Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) remote sensing and vegetation index have great potential in the field of Chinese herbal medicine planting. In this study, the visible light image of Polygonatum odoratum planting area in Changyi district of Jilin province were acquired by UAV, and the real-time monitoring of P. odoratum planting area was realized. The green leaf index(GLI) was established, and GLI values of P. odoratum were collected used the spatial sampling points. To compare the GLI values in different periods, it was found that the GLI values of P. odoratum have three stages changing rule of rising-gentle-falling related to the germination, vigorous growth and withered of P. odoratum growth. Meanwhile, the GLI values were compared with four biomass data of P. odoratum, including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content in leaves, and it was found that the GLI value was related to the growth potential of P. odoratum. The GLI value with a rapid increase in rising stage or at a high level in the gentle stage means the P. odoratum was in a better growth potential. GLI value has a same change trend with plant height, and has certain correlation with plant height and leaf area. However, there is no obvious relationship between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in leaves and GLI value. The study clarified the change rule of GLI value of P. odoratum, explained the reason for the change of GLI value, and expanded the application range of GLI. The research shows that UAV and vegetation index can be applied to monitoring the Chinese herbal medicines planting, and provides a new idea for exploring more effective information extraction methods of Chinese herbal medicines.

Keyhole Approach Endoscopic Surgery versus Stereotactic Aspiration plus Urokinase in Treating Basal Ganglia Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage / 中国医学科学院学报

To compare the short-and long-term effect of two minimal invasive surgical therapies including keyhole approach endoscopic surgery(KAES)and stereotactic aspiration plus urokinase(SAU)in treating basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(hICH). The clinical data of 117 hICH patients(63 received KAES and 54 received SAU)were retrospectively analyzed.The operation time,blood loss during surgery,and drainage time were compared between two groups.The residual hematoma volume,hematoma clearance rate(HCR),Glasgow coma scale(GCS)score,and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score were recorded at baseline and in the ultra-early stage,early stage,and sub-early stage after surgery.The 30-day mortality and serious adverse events were assessed and the 6-month modified Rankin scale(mRS)score was rated. Baseline data showed no significant difference between these two groups.Compared with the SAU group,the KAES group had significantly longer operation time,more intraoperative blood loss,and shorter drainage time(all 0.05).In the ultra-early and early stage,the GCS and NIHSS scores showed no significant differences between two groups(all >0.05),whereas in the sub-early stage,the NIHSS score was better in the SAU group(=0.034).The 30-day mortality and incidences of serious adverse events showed no significant difference(all >0.05).The good recovery(mRS≤3)at 6-months follow-up showed no significant difference between the two groups(=0.413). Both KAES and SAU are safe and effective in treating basal ganglia hICH.In the ultra-early stage after surgery,KAES achieves better residual hematoma volume and HCR,and patients undergoing SAU quickly catch up.The short-and long-term effectiveness of SAU is comparable or even superior to KAES.

Problems and thoughts in diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国实用内科杂志

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease with high rate of incidence, disability,and mortality, making COPD a heavy burden worldwide. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Scientific Committee organized a forum and discussed some controversial topics in COPD, including: diagnosis and assessment; risk factors for disease development, advances in treatment of the stable patient, and the assessment and treatment of exacerbations. This article interprets clinical utility of these contents.

Alkaloids from an aqueous extract of Uncaria rhynchophylla / 药学学报

Five alkaloids were isolated from a decoction of Uncaria rhynchophylla by a combination of various chromatographic techniques, including macroporous adsorbent resin, MCI resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed phase HPLC. Their structures were characterized by comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic data as monoterpene indole alkaloids (+)-(7R)-3-oxo-7-hydroxy-3,7-seco-dihydrorhynchohylline (1), (+)-(7S)-3-oxo-7-hydroxy-3,7-seco-dihydrorhyncho-hylline (2), (+)-(7R)-3-oxo-7-hydroxy-3,7-seco-rhynchohylline (3) and (+)-(7S)-3-oxo-7-hydroxy-3,7-seco-rhynchohylline (4), and a β-carboline alkaloid 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-oxo-β-carboline (5). Among them, 1 and 2 are new compounds, 3 and 4 are new natural products that were semi-synthesized from isorhynchohylline with incorrect specific rotations, and 5 is isolated for the first time from the genus Uncaria.

Renoprotection Provided by Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Combination with Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Treatment with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been well characterized. This study aimed to assess the renoprotection of this combined treatment in DN patients.@*Methods@#A total of 159 type 2 DN patients from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled retrospectively from a prospective DN cohort at the National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital (China). Fifty-seven patients received DPP4i and ARB treatment, and 102 patients were treated with ARBs alone. All patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 12.0.@*Results@#There were no significant differences at baseline for age, sex, body mass index, duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between the two groups. Antihypertensive and antidiabetic medication use was similar in each group except calcium channel antagonists (P = 0.032). No significant changes in FBG and HbA1c were observed in the two groups after treatment. The eGFR decreased slower in the DPP4i + ARB group than in the ARB group at 12 months (Δ12 months: -2.48 ± 13.86 vs. -6.81 ± 12.52 ml·min·1.73m, P = 0.044). In addition, proteinuria was decreased further in the DPP4i + ARB group than in the ARB group after 24 months of treatment (Δ24 months: -0.18 [-1.00, 0.17] vs. 0.32 [-0.35, 0.88], P = 0.031). There were 36 patients with an eGFR decrease of more than 30% over 24 months. After adjusting for FBG, HbA1c, and other risk factors, DPP4i + ARB treatment was still associated with a reduced incidence of an eGFR decrease of 20% or 30%.@*Conclusions@#The combined treatment of DPP4i and ARBs is superior to ARBs alone, as evidenced by the greater proteinuria reduction and lower eGFR decline. In addition, the renoprotection of DPP4i combined with ARBs was independent of glycemic control.

Evaluation of therapeutic effects of transplantation of human stem cells from apical papilla ameliorates on collagen-induced arthritis / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of transplantation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).Methods:Twenty DBA/1J mice with collagen Ⅱ-induced arthritis were equally divided into 2 groups and treated with human SCAP and PBS,respectively,with other 6 normal mice as negative control.Inflammation was evaluated by measuring clinical score,TNF-α and anti-CⅡ antibody levels (ELISA),histological analyses and micro-CT analyses.The levels of CD4+Th cells subsets in spleens were assessed by flow cytometric analysis.Results:System infusion of SCAP could significantly reduce the severity of CIA, and resume the balance of Th cells subsets.Conclusion:SCAP transplantation can induce immune tolerance and ameliorate the CIA in-flammation.

Therapeutic effect of metoprolol combined trimetazidine on ischemic heart failure and its influence on inflammatory factors / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective: To study therapeutic effect of metoprolol combined trimetazidine on ischemic heart failure (IHF) and its influence on inflammatory factors. Methods: A total of 172 IHF patients treated in our hospital were collected. They were randomly and equally divided into trimetazidine group and combined treatment group (received metoprolol combined trimetazidine), and both groups were treated for 30d. Cardiac function, levels of inflammatory factors, N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), heart type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and quality of life (QOL) before and after treatment, and cerebral infarction rate after one-year treatment were compared between two groups. Results: Compared with trimetazidine group after treatment, there were significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [(44. 68±4. 51) ％ vs. (49. 79±4. 99) ％], significant reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension [(50. 41± 5. 06) mm vs. (47. 28±4. 83) mm], left ventricular end-systolic dimension [(41. 57±4. 22) mm vs. (36. 72±3. 71) mm], levels of NT-proBNP [(3. 48±0. 35) ng/L vs. (3. 06±0. 32) ng/L], H-FABP [(11. 41±1. 26) μg/L vs. (8. 55±0. 86) μg/L], interleukin 6 [(53. 21±5. 36) ng/L vs. (43. 58±4. 44) ng/L], tumor necrosis factorα [(161. 97±16. 28) ng/L vs. (108. 27±10. 11) ng/L]and C reactive protein [(15. 72±1. 59) ng/L vs. (11. 10±1. 12) ng/L]and QOL score [(48. 75±4. 89) scores vs. (43. 15±4. 33) scores]in combined treatment group, P＜0. 05 or＜0. 01. Total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of trimetazidine group (90. 70％ vs. 72. 09％, P=0. 002); after one-year treatment, incidence rate of cerebral infarction in combined treatment group was significantly lower than that of trimetazidine group (2. 33％ vs. 10. 47％, P=0. 029). Conclusion: Metoprolol combined trimetazidine can significantly improve myocardial blood supply, correct immune imbalance, improve cardiac function and quality of life in IHF patients. The therapeutic effect is significant, and it can prevent cerebral infraction, which is worth extending.

Effectiveness and safety of arthroscopic debridement for treatment of degenerative knee osteoarthritis in the elderly patients: study protocol for non-randomized controlled clinicaltrial / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The treatment of degenerative knee osteoarthritis is mainly to relieve pain, restore knee function, improve quality of life, delay knee replacement, and reduce the number of revisions. Knee replacement is currently the most common treatment for this disease, but it costs much, has great trauma and high risk, often results in prosthesis loosening and peripheral infection, and has many adverse reactions. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that knee-preserving arthroscopic debridement for treatment of knee degenerative osteoarthritis in the elderly patients costs less, is effective, safe, and reliable. METHODS: A total of 212 elderly patients (knees) with degenerative knee osteoarthritis who receive treatment in the Second Hospital of Chaoyang (Liaoning Province, China) will be included in this study. These patients will be assigned to two groups according to patient's conditions and wishes (n = 106/group). In the control group, intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate will be performed, followed by oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, conventional physiotherapy, and quadriceps functional exercise. In the arthroscopic debridement group, arthroscopic debridement will be performed followed by oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, conventional physiotherapy, and quadriceps functional exercise. All patients will be followed up for 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The primary outcome measure is the percentage of the number of patients with Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score ≥ 85 points at 2 years after surgery, which will be used to evaluate knee function recovery. The secondary outcome measures are the percentage of the number of patients with HSS knee score ≥ 85 points before surgery, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery; HSS score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), knee range of motion, hospitalization costs, and knee X-ray morphology before surgery, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery, medical costs after 2 years of treatment, incidence of adverse reactions at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery. Findings from this study will reveal whether arthroscopic debridement for the treatment of degenerative knee osteoarthritis in the elderly patients has advantages of less adverse reactions, low treatment costs, and can effectively restore knee function. This trial has been approved by the Second Hospital of Chaoyang, Liaoning Province, China (approval number:2017-08-01).All protocols will be in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki,formulated by the World Medical Association.Written informed consent will be provided by participants. This trial was designed in June 2017. The recruitment of subjects and data collection will begin in June 2018. The recruitment of subjects will be finished in December 2018. Outcome measures will be analyzed in June 2021. This trial will be completed in August 2021. The results of the trial will be reported in a scientific conference or disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal. This trial had been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800015208). The version of this study protocol is (1.0).

Changes of Mortality and Morbidity of Very Low Birth Weight Infants after Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Strategy Alteration in a Single Center: Comparison with 2015 Korean Neonatal Network Report

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome after changes in the treatment strategies for very low birth weight infant (VLBWI) in a single neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) center. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 300 VLBWI born from 1st January 2010 to 31th December 2016. We compared the outcomes including survival rate, birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), and morbidities between period I (2010–2013, P-I) and period II (2014–2016, P-II). RESULTS: The average survival rate was not different between P-I and P-II. However, the survival rate of ≤24 weeks' GA, 25 weeks' GA, 26 weeks' GA were 57%, 69%, 93% respectively in P-II and 31%, 59%, 87% in P-I respectively. The survival rate of infants with birth weight <500 g, 500–749 g, 750–999 g were 100%, 55%, 90% respectively in P-II and 50%, 24%, 80%, respectively in P-I. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was higher in P-II than in P-I (P=0.012) and moderate-to-severe BPD was also higher in P-II (P=0.004). Incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with treatment, necrotizing enterocolitis (stage≥2), and abnormal brain sonography were significantly lower in P-II (P=0.027, P=0.032, P=0.005). Incidences of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with laser treatment and early sepsis were not different. CONCLUSION: The survival rate and complications of VLBWI were improved in period II, especially in less than 750 g and below 26 weeks, except incidence of BPD. Changes of NICU strategies were effective to improve mortality and morbidity in VLBWI.

Treatment of intractable parotid sialocele occurred after open reduction-fixation of mandibular subcondylar fracture

A sialocele is a subcutaneous cavity containing saliva, most often caused by facial trauma or iatrogenic complications. In subcondylar fractures, most surgeons are conscious of facial nerve injury; however, they usually pay little attention to the parotid duct injury. We report the case of a 41-year-old man with a sialocele, approximately 5×3 cm in size, which developed 1 week after subcondylar fracture reduction. The sialocele became progressively enlarged despite conservative management. Computed tomography showed a thin-walled cyst between the body and tail of the parotid gland. Fluid leakage outside the cyst was noted where the skin was thin. Sialography showed a cutting edge of the inferior interlobular major duct before forming the common major duct that seemed to be injured during the subcondylar fracture reduction process. We decided on prompt surgical treatment, and the sialocele was completely excised. A duct from the parotid tail, secreting salivary secretion into the cyst, was ligated. Botulinum toxin was administrated to block the salivary secretion and preventing recurrence. Treatment was successful. In addition, we found that parotid major ducts are enveloped by the deep lobe and extensive dissection during the subcondylar fracture reduction may cause parotid major duct injury.

Application of antibiotic impregnated beads on the patients with tibial chronic osteomyelitis

To investigate the clinical efficacy of antibiotic impregnated beads on the tibial chronic osteomyelitis, so as to search for a more applicable method for the treatment. Through comparative analysis, we divided 72 patients with chronic tibial osteomyelitis who received treatment in hospital between January 2016 and December 2016 randomly into two groups: Control group [n=36] and the experiment group [n=36]. Patients in the control group underwent closed lavage plus drainage for treatment, while those in the experiment group received the antibiotic impregnated beads. After treatment, we compared the times of treatment, average length of stay in hospital and the efficacy between two groups, and data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software. In the control group, average length of stay in hospital was [[3.3 +/- 0.9] months, average time of surgery was [2.9 +/- 1.8] times, cure rate was 25.0% and elimination rate of bacteria was 88.0%; in the experiment group, average length of stay in hospital was [[2.2 +/- 1.3] months, average time of surgery was [2.4 +/- 1.0] times, cure rate was 47.2%, and elimination rate of bacteria was 93.8%. Differences in the average length of stay in hospital, the cure rate and elimination rate of bacteria between two groups showed statistical significance [p<0.05]. For tibial chronic osteomyelitis, antibiotic impregnated bead implantation can reduce the chance of secondary infection after operation and shorten the hospitalization time, showing a more promising effect than the closed lavage and drainage, and this method is worthy of being promoted in clinical practice

Anti-fibrotic effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligustrazine Injection on LX-2 cells involved with increased N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 expression / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligustrazine Injection (SML) on proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatic stellate cell LX-2 and the expression of N-myc downstreamregulated gene 2 (NDRG2, a tumor suppressor gene).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HSCs from the LX-2 cell line were cultured in vitro. The proliferative state of different initial LX-2 cell numbers was measured using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. LX-2 cells were plated in 96-well plates at an approximate density of 2.50×10cells/mL and cultured for 24 h followed by the application of different concentrations of SML (1, 2, 4 and 8 μL/mL). Cell proliferation was measured using the MTT assay at 24 and 48 h. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry at 24 h. LX-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of SML and extracted with protein lysis buffer. The levels of NDRG2 and β-catenin were measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the exception of the 1 and 2 μL/mL concentrations, 4 and 8 μL/mL SML inhibited cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner at 24 and 48 h (P<0.05). With the exception of the 1 and 2 μL/mL concentrations, the NDRG2 expression level was greatly increased in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the level of β-catenin was unaffected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SML inhibit LX-2 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, and the mechanism may be associated with NDRG2 over-expression.</p>

Water soluble constituents from the twigs of Litsea cubeba / 中国中药杂志

Twenty five known aromatic glycosides (1-25) and three known sesquiterpene glycosides (26-28) have been isolated from the twigs of Litsea cubeba by using various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis (MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR) as (7S,8R)-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4,9'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),(7S,8R)-5-methoxydihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2), (7S,8R)-urolignoside(3), (7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), saposide B(5), lanicepside A(6), matairesinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), tyraxjaponoside B(8), (+)-lyoniresinol-9'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), alaschanisoside A (10), syringin (11), psoralenoside (12), isopsoralenoside (13), scopolin(14), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (16), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-β-D-glucopyrnoside (17), 2-(4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (18), (+)-catechin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (19), 3'-O-methylepicatechin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (20), kaempferitrin (21), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranside (22), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (23), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-O-β-D-galactopyr anoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (24), quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (25), staphylionoside D(26), vomifoliol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (27), dihydrovomifoliol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (28). Compounds 1-21 and 24-28 were obtained from this genus for the first time.

Expression profile of miR-501-5p in lung adenocarcinoma patients from Xuanwei area / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between miR-501-5p expression and the clinicopathological factors in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei area.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Surgical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma and paired adjacent tissues from 24 patients with lung adenocarcinoma from Xuanwei area were examined for miR-501-5p expression using microRNA microarray technique and qPCR. Chi-square test was used to analyze the association of miR-501-5P expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. Multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the association of miR-501-5p expression with the patients' gender, age, tumor stage, and preoperative CEA level.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MicroRNA microarray analysis and qPCR validation results revealed significantly upregulated expressions of miR-501-5p in patients with lung adenocarcinoma from Xuanwei area (Plt;0.01). The microarray data showed an up-regulation of miR-501-5p by 3.17 folds in lung adenocarcinoma tissue compared with the adjacent tissue (P=0.22376, FDR=0.071395). Chi-square test indicated that miR-501-5p expression level was associated with the patients' age (f=7.168, P=0.014), TNM stage (f=36.627, P<0.01), and preoperative serum CEA level (f=30.045, Plt;0.01), but not with the patients' gender (f=3.612, P=0.071). Multiple regression analysis revealed that miR-501-5p expression was positively correlated with the patients' age, TNM stage of the tumor, and serum CEA (Plt;0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-501-5p expression is up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma with significant associations with the patients' age, TNM stages and serum CEA level in patients from Xuanwei area, suggesting its potential role in the tumorigenesis and progression of lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei area.</p>

The Relationship between Childhood Trauma and Suicidal Ideation: Role of Maltreatment and Potential Mediators

OBJECTIVE: Childhood trauma is recognized as an important risk factor in suicidal ideation, however it is not fully understood how the different types of childhood maltreatment influence suicidal ideation nor what variables mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation. This study examined the path from childhood trauma to suicidal ideation, including potential mediators. METHODS: A sample of 211 healthy adults completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSI), Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Path analysis was used to investigate the relationship among study variables. RESULTS: Of the several types of childhood maltreatment we considered, only childhood sexual abuse directly predicted suicidal ideation (β=0.215, p=0.001). Childhood physical abuse (β=0.049, 95% confidence interval: 0.011–0.109) and childhood emotional abuse (β=0.042, 95% confidence interval: 0.001–0.107) indirectly predicted suicidal ideation through their association with anxiety. Childhood neglect indirectly predicted suicidal ideation through association with perceived social support (β=0.085, 95% confidence interval: 0.041–0.154). CONCLUSION: Our results confirmed that childhood sexual abuse is a strong predictor of suicidal ideation. Perceived social support mediated the relationship between suicidal ideation and neglect. Anxiety fully mediated the relationship between suicidal ideation and both physical abuse and emotional abuse. Interventions to reduce suicidal ideation among survivors of childhood trauma should focus on anxiety symptoms and attempt to increase their social support.

Driver gene mutations among non-small cell lung cancer tissues and its clinical significance / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the mutation rate of EGFR,KRAS,ALK and ROS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with clinical or pathological characteristics.Methods 86 NSCLC tissues were included.Fluorescence PCR was used to detect the EGFR,KRAS mutation and ALK,ROS1 fusion gene.The association between EGFR,KRAS,ALK and ROS1 gene and age,gender,smoking history,histological type,lymph node metastasis and other clinical pathological features were analyzed.Results The total mutation rate of the driver gene in NSCLC patients was 62.8％ (54/86).EGFR mutation rate was 76％ (41/54).KRAS mutation rate was 9.3％ (5/54).ALK gene fusion mutation rate was 13.0％ (7/54),and in one of the patients,EGFR 19 deletion mutation and ALK fusion co-exist.ROS1 gene fusion mutation was 3.8％ (2/54).EGFR gene mutation rate was higher in adenocarcinoma and female (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant association was found in age,smoking history and lymph node metastasis (P ＞0.05).KRAS,ALK,ROS1 genes had no obvious correlation with clinical pathological features (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The EGFR mutation and ALK fusion was rather high in patients with NSCLC.More attention should be paid to them.Though KRAS,ROS1 mutations and double mutations were low in NSCLC patients,they should not be ignored.

Chemical constituents from ethyl acetate exaction of root of Paeonia lactiflora / 中国中药杂志

Two new phenylpropanoids(1 and 2), together with thirteen known compounds(3-15), have been isolated from the root of Paeonia lactiflora by using various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis(MS,IR,1D and 2D NMR)as(+)-(7R,8R)-1-guaiacyl-1,2-propanediolacetonide(1),(-)-(7R,8S)-1-guaiacyl-1,2-propanediolacetonide(2),O-senecioyllomatin(3),O-angeloyllomatin(4),(+)-cis-3'-senecioyloxy-4'-angeloyloxy-3',4'-dihydroseselin(5),columbianadin(6), benzyl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate(7),3,6-dimethyl-5-hydroxyBenzo-furan(8),(S)-evofolin-A(9),2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone(10), 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone(11), 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methyl acetophenone(12),ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate(13), vanillic acid(14),and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde(15).Compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds,and compounds 3-9 were obtained from the genus Paeonia for the first time.